-
1 процесс ожижения газов
Русско-английский словарь по нефти и газу > процесс ожижения газов
-
2 сжижение
-
3 процесс ожижения газов
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > процесс ожижения газов
-
4 Bergius, Friedrich Carl Rudolf
[br]b. 11 October 1884 Goldschmieden, near Breslau, Germanyd. 31 March Buenos Aires, Argentina[br][br]After studying chemistry in Breslau and Leipzig and assisting inter alia at the institute of Fritz Haber in Karlsruhe on the catalysis of ammonia under high pressure, in 1909 he went to Hannover to pursue his idea of turning coal into liquid hydrocarbon under high hydrogen pressure (200 atm) and high temperatures (470° C). As experiments with high pressure in chemical processes were still in their initial stages and the Technical University could not support him sufficiently, he set up a private laboratory to develop the methods and to construct the equipment himself. Four years later, in 1913, his process for producing liquid or organic compounds from coal was patented.The economic aspects of this process were apparent as the demand for fuels and lubricants increased more rapidly than the production of oil, and Bergius's process became even more important after the outbreak of the First World War. The Th. Goldschmidt company of Essen contracted him and tried large-scale production near Mannheim in 1914, but production failed because of the lack of capital and experience to operate with high pressure on an industrial level. Both capital and experience were provided jointly by the BASF company, which produced ammonia at Merseburg, and IG Farben, which took over the Bergius process in 1925, the same year that the synthesis of hydrocarbon had been developed by Fischer-Tropsch. Two years later, at the Leuna works, almost 100,000 tonnes of oil were produced from coal; during the following years, several more hydrogenation plants were to follow, especially in the eastern parts of Germany as well as in the Ruhr area, while the government guaranteed the costs. The Bergius process was extremely important for the supply of fuels to Germany during the Second World War, with the monthly production rate in 1943–4 being more than 700,000 tonnes. However, the plants were mostly destroyed at. the end of the war and were later dismantled.As a consequence of this success Bergius, who had gained an international reputation, went abroad to work as a consultant to several foreign governments. Experiments aiming to reduce the costs of production are still continued in some countries. By 1925, after he had solved all the principles of his process, he had turned to the production of dextrose by hydrolyzing wood with highly concentrated hydrochloric acid.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize 1931. Honorary doctorates, Heidelberg, Harvard and Hannover.Bibliography1907, "Über absolute Schwefelsäure als Lösungsmittel", unpublished thesis, Weida. 1913, Die Anwendung hoher Drucke bei chemischen Vorgängen und eine Nachbildungdes Entstehungsprozesses der Steinkohle, Halle. 1913, DRP no. 301, 231 (coal-liquefaction process).1925, "Verflüssigung der Kohle", Zeitschrift des Vereins Deutscher Ingenieure, 69:1313–20, 1359–62.1933, "Chemische Reaktionen unter hohem Druck", Les Prix Nobel en 1931, Stockholm, pp. 1–37.Further ReadingDeutsches Bergbau-Museum, 1985, Friedrich Bergius und die Kohleverflüssigung. Stationen einer Entwicklung, Bochum (gives a comprehensive and illustrated description of the man and the technology).H.Beck, 1982, Friedrich Bergius, ein Erfinderschicksal, Munich: Deutsches Museum (a detailed biographical description).W.Birkendfeld, 1964, Der synthetische Treibstoff 1933–1945. Ein Beitragzur nationalsozialistischen Wirtschafts-und Rüstungspolitik, Göttingen, Berlin and Frankfurt (describes the economic value of synthetic fuels for the Third Reich).WKBiographical history of technology > Bergius, Friedrich Carl Rudolf
-
5 ожижение
1) General subject: liquefaction2) Engineering: destructive hydrogenation, fluidization, liquation, liquefaction process, liquefying3) Metallurgy: fluidizing4) Textile: liquefaction (напр. крахмала в процессе ферментной расшлихтовки)5) Makarov: coal liquefaction -
6 сжижение
1) General subject: condensation, liquation, liquefaction2) Military: liquefying3) Engineering: liquefaction process, refrigeration, liquification4) Chemistry: liquidizing6) Solar energy: hydroliquefaction7) oil&gas: gas liquefaction, liquefaction of gas -
7 освоение технологии в промышленных масштабах
Освоение технологии в промышленных масштабах-- It is widely held that the Solvent Refined Coal Process is the most advanced coal liquefaction process from the standpoint of scaleup of technology.Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > освоение технологии в промышленных масштабах
-
8 широко распространено мнение, что
Широко распространено мнение, что-- It is widely held that the Solvent Refined Coal Process is the most advanced coal liquefaction process from the standpoint of scaleup of technology.Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > широко распространено мнение, что
-
9 процесс ожижения
Coolers: liquefaction process -
10 процесс ожижения воздуха
Coolers: air liquefaction processУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > процесс ожижения воздуха
-
11 процесс ожижения газа
Makarov: liquefaction processУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > процесс ожижения газа
-
12 процесс ожижения газов
Oil: liquefaction processУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > процесс ожижения газов
-
13 процесс сжижения
Coolers: liquefaction process -
14 процесс сжижения воздуха
Coolers: air liquefaction processУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > процесс сжижения воздуха
-
15 процесс сжижения газа
Engineering: gas cryogenics (природного), liquefaction processУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > процесс сжижения газа
-
16 Linde-Luftverflüssigungsverfahren
n < verf> ■ Linde air-liquefaction processGerman-english technical dictionary > Linde-Luftverflüssigungsverfahren
-
17 процесс ожижения
( газов) liquefaction process -
18 ожижение угля
ожижение угля
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
coal liquefaction
The process of preparing a liquid mixture of hydrocarbons by destructive distillation of coal. (Source: MGH)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ожижение угля
-
19 начало плавления
1) Geology: incipient melting2) Metallurgy: commencement of liquefaction3) Cement: incipient fusion, incipient fusion process -
20 комплекс СПГ
комплекс СПГ
Означает терминал, который используется для сжижения природного газа или импортирования, отгрузки и регазификации СПГ, и включает вспомогательные услуги и временное хранение, необходимое для процесса регазификации и последующей доставки в транспортную систему, но не включает части терминалов СПГ, используемые для хранения (Директива 2003 /55/ЕС).
[Англо-русский глосcарий энергетических терминов ERRA]EN
LNG facility
Means a terminal which is used for the liquefaction of natural gas or the importation, offloading, and re-gaseification of LNG, and shall include ancillary services and temporary storage necessary for the re-gaseification process and subsequent delivery to the transmission system, but shall not include any part of LNG terminals used for storage (Directive 2003/55/EC).
[Англо-русский глосcарий энергетических терминов ERRA]Тематики
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > комплекс СПГ
См. также в других словарях:
Liquefaction — may refer to:* Soil liquefaction, the process by which sediments become suspended * Liquefaction of gases in physics, chemistry, and thermal engineering * Liquefactive necrosis in pathology * Liquification, the general process of becoming liquid … Wikipedia
Liquefaction — Liq ue*fac tion (l[i^]k w[ e]*f[a^]k sh[u^]n), n. [L. liquefactio: cf. F. liqu[ e]faction. See {Liquefy}.] 1. The act or operation of making or becoming liquid; especially, the conversion of a solid into a liquid by the sole agency of heat. [1913 … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
liquefaction — /lɪkwəˈfækʃən/ (say likwuh fakshuhn) noun 1. the process of liquefying or making liquid. 2. a process which results in something with characteristics of a liquid, as in soil liquefaction …
liquefaction — noun Etymology: Middle English, from Late Latin liquefaction , liquefactio, from Latin liquefacere, from liquēre to be fluid + facere to make more at do Date: 15th century 1. the process of making or becoming liquid 2. the state of being liquid 3 … New Collegiate Dictionary
liquefaction — liquefactive, adj. /lik weuh fak sheuhn/, n. 1. the act or process of liquefying or making liquid. 2. the state of being liquefied. [1375 1425; late ME < LL liquefaction (s. of liquefactio) a melting, equiv. to L liquefact(us) (ptp. of… … Universalium
liquefaction — noun Process of, or state of having been, made liquid … Wiktionary
liquefaction — The act of becoming liquid; change from a solid to a liquid form. [see liquefacient] * * * liq·ue·fac·tion .lik wə fak shən n 1) the process of making or becoming liquid 2) the state of being liquid * * * liq·ue·fac·tion (lik″w … Medical dictionary
liquefaction — liq·ue fac·tion || ‚lɪkwɪ fækʃn n. process of causing to become liquid, transformation into a liquid … English contemporary dictionary
Liquefaction — The process of making synthetic liquid fuel from coal. The term also is used to mean a method for making large amounts of gasoline and heating oil from petroleum. California Energy Comission. Dictionary of Energy Terms … Energy terms
liquefaction — liq•ue•fac•tion [[t]ˌlɪk wəˈfæk ʃən[/t]] n. 1) phs the act or process of liquefying 2) phs the state of being liquefied • Etymology: 1375–1425; late ME < LL liquefactiō < L liquefac(ere) to melt, liquefy liq ue•fac′tive, adj … From formal English to slang
Coal liquefaction — is the process of producing synthetic liquid fuels from coal. Contents 1 Methods 1.1 Pyrolysis and carbonization processes 1.2 Hydrogenation processes 1.3 … Wikipedia